Answers :
1 Question: Binary fission commonly occurs in which organism?
1️⃣🧬 Answer: Amoeba 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Binary fission splits one cell into two identical daughter cells, a quick asexual method in unicellular organisms in Class 10 Biology (CBSE). 🧫⚡ Exam tip: write “karyokinesis then cytokinesis.”
2 Question: Multiple fission is characteristically seen in which organism?
2️⃣🔬 Answer: Plasmodium 🌱
🧠 Explanation: In multiple fission, the nucleus divides repeatedly before cytoplasm, producing many daughter cells—key point for CBSE Class 10 Biology ratios. 🧪📊
3 Question: In budding, a new individual arises from what?
3️⃣🪴 Answer: An outgrowth on the parent body 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Buds form by mitosis on yeast or Hydra and detach to form clones, a core CBSE Class 10 asexual reproduction idea. 🌊🧬
4 Question: In yeast, buds may remain attached and form chains.
4️⃣🧫 Answer: True 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Yeast can show serial budding with attached daughter cells, supporting rapid clonal expansion in stable conditions for CBSE notes. 🍞⚡
5 Question: The spore-forming structure in Rhizopus (bread mould) is called:
5️⃣🧪 Answer: Sporangium 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Sporangia produce spores with protective walls that disperse and germinate when conditions are right—term precision matters in exams. 🍞🌬️
6 Question: Asexual spores typically have thick walls to survive adverse conditions.
6️⃣🧱 Answer: True 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Thick-walled spores endure heat and dryness, then germinate in favorable environments—remember “protection then propagation.” 🌡️🌧️
7 Question: Bryophyllum propagates naturally using:
7️⃣🌿 Answer: Leaf buds 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Tiny plantlets arise from leaf margins and root on soil—classic natural vegetative propagation for CBSE Class 10. 🍃📌
8 Question: Runners/stolons are characteristic of which plant?
8️⃣🌱 Answer: Strawberry 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Horizontal runners root at nodes to clone the parent quickly—cite as a vegetative propagation example in answers. 🍓➡️🌱
9 Question: Bulbs are a vegetative structure typical of:
9️⃣🧄 Answer: Onion 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Bulbs store food and contain buds that regenerate shoots—learn bulb vs tuber vs rhizome distinctions. 🧅📚
10 Question: Cutting is a natural method of vegetative propagation.
🔟✂️ Answer: False 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Cutting, grafting, and layering are artificial methods used to clone elite plants for uniform traits. 🌳🧰
11 Question: Binary fission differs from budding because:
1️⃣1️⃣⚖️ Answer: It produces two equal-sized daughter cells 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Budding forms a smaller outgrowth, while fission makes equal daughters—use this comparator for 2-mark answers. ⚖️📝
12 Question: A key step in multiple fission is that:
1️⃣2️⃣🧠 Answer: Nucleus divides repeatedly before cytoplasm splits 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Many nuclei form first; each encloses cytoplasm to yield numerous offspring—name Plasmodium for credit. 🦟📌
13 Question: Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring (clones).
1️⃣3️⃣🧬 Answer: True 🌱
🧠 Explanation: No gamete fusion means no recombination, so offspring mirror parental genotype except rare mutations. 🧬🔁
14 Question: A major advantage of asexual reproduction is:
1️⃣4️⃣⚡ Answer: Rapid increase in population size 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Single-parent, fast cycles like fission and budding help quick colonization in stable habitats. 🚀🌍
15 Question: Asexual reproduction enhances adaptability in rapidly changing environments.
1️⃣5️⃣🚫 Answer: False 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Low variation limits adaptability; sexual reproduction better handles environmental shifts. 🌪️🔀
16 Question: The fastest method of reproduction in unicellular organisms is typically:
1️⃣6️⃣⏱️ Answer: Binary fission 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Simple division enables exponential growth—state “karyokinesis then cytokinesis” for process order. ⏩🧫
17 Question: Which of the following is NOT an artificial vegetative propagation method?
1️⃣7️⃣🧰 Answer: Meiosis 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Artificial methods include cutting, grafting, layering, and tissue culture; meiosis belongs to sexual reproduction. 🧪🌱
18 Question: A correct statement about vegetative propagation is:
1️⃣8️⃣📌 Answer: Traits are maintained uniformly in offspring 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Clonal propagation preserves desirable traits across generations—key for uniform crops. 🧫🌾
19 Question: Spores germinate when environmental conditions become favorable.
1️⃣9️⃣🌦️ Answer: True 🌱
🧠 Explanation: After dispersal, spores remain dormant until moisture and temperature support growth. 🌧️🌱
20 Question: Which pair is correctly matched?
2️⃣0️⃣🔗 Answer: Yeast — budding 🌱
🧠 Explanation: Hydra also buds; Plasmodium shows multiple fission; Bryophyllum uses leaf buds—memorize one correct pair. 📝🧬
📚 Topics Covered
📘 What this summary covers — at a glance ✅
Here’s a quick, no-nonsense recap of **asexual reproduction** for CBSE Class 10 Biology — covering fission, budding, spore formation, and vegetative propagation — plus 20 short practice questions to help you check what actually stuck.
🧠 Core concepts — explained simply
Asexual reproduction is what happens when an organism skips the whole partner-and-gamete drama and goes solo. One parent, no fusion, no mixing — just direct copies called *clones*.
In **fission**, the parent literally splits — sometimes into two (*Amoeba*, classic case of binary fission), and sometimes into many (*Plasmodium* pulling off multiple fission like it’s no big deal).
**Budding**, on the other hand, is when a new organism starts as a tiny bump or bud on the parent — think *yeast* or *Hydra*. The bud grows, matures, and eventually breaks away to live its own life.
**Spore formation** is fungi’s favorite trick. In *Rhizopus*, for example, spores develop inside little sacs called *sporangia*. When conditions are right, those spores are released, float off in the air, and — if lucky — grow into new fungi.
Then there’s **vegetative propagation** in plants. Sometimes it’s natural — new plants sprouting from roots, stems, or leaves (like *Bryophyllum* making baby plants right on its leaves). Other times, humans lend a hand through **cutting, layering, grafting, or tissue culture**, basically cloning plants on purpose.
It’s a quick and easy way to reproduce, sure — but here’s the catch: all offspring are genetically identical. So if the environment suddenly changes, that sameness can turn from strength to weakness.
⚡ Quick facts you shouldn’t forget
* **Binary fission:** Nucleus divides first (*karyokinesis*), then the cytoplasm (*cytokinesis*), producing two equal cells.
* **Multiple fission:** Several nuclei form before the cytoplasm divides — one big burst of offspring.
* **Budding:** Common in *yeast* and *Hydra*; involves tiny outgrowths that grow into full individuals.
* **Spore formation:** *Rhizopus* makes airborne spores inside *sporangia*.
* **Vegetative propagation:** *Bryophyllum* produces plantlets on leaf margins — a neat bit of natural cloning.
* **Artificial methods:** cutting, layering, grafting, and tissue culture — the gardener’s toolbox for cloning plants.
✅ Revision checklist & smart exam tips
* Start your definition strong: “Single parent, no gametes.” That line alone earns marks.
* Jot down **two examples** each for fission, budding, spores, and vegetative propagation.
* Draw simple, clean diagrams for **binary fission** and **budding** — they’re guaranteed marks if labeled right.
* Compare **natural** vs **artificial** vegetative propagation — keep it brief but clear.
* Always mention one **advantage** (fast reproduction) and one **drawback** (no variation).
* Know your structures: *sporangium*, *bulb*, *runner*, *leaf bud* — they love to show up in fill-in-the-blanks.
* For process-type questions, write neatly in steps: *nuclear division → cytoplasmic division*.
* Match every method with its textbook example (*Amoeba — binary fission*, *Hydra — budding*, etc.).
* Highlight “**clones**” in answers that discuss identical offspring.
* Don’t mix up **bulbs (onion)** with **tubers (potato)** — that’s a trick question waiting to happen.
🗂️ Key terms — quick recap
* **Asexual reproduction:** Reproduction by a single parent, no gamete fusion involved.
* **Binary fission:** One cell dividing into two equal, independent daughter cells.
* **Multiple fission:** Several nuclear divisions followed by cytoplasmic division, creating many offspring in one go.